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Economic data
Economic Indicators Glossary
Our comprehensive glossary is designed to help you understand what each economic indicator means, how it’s calculated, and what it reveals about the economy. With our glossary, you’ll gain a deeper understanding of the economic landscape and be able to make more informed decisions.
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP Growth Rate | 1.6 | 1 | 11.5 | -10.4 | percent | Mar/24 |
| GDP Annual Growth Rate | 5.3 | 5.2 | 18.7 | -6.9 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Unemployment Rate | 5.2 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 3.9 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Inflation Rate | 0.1 | 0.7 | 28.4 | -2.2 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Inflation Rate MoM | -1 | 1 | 2.6 | -1.8 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Interest Rate | 3.45 | 3.45 | 5.77 | 3.45 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Cash Reserve Ratio | 10 | 10 | 21.5 | 6 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Balance of Trade | 58.55 | 125 | 125 | -61.99 | USD Billion | Mar/24 |
| Current Account | 562 | 608 | 1515 | -523 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Current Account to GDP | 1.5 | 2.2 | 10.1 | -3.7 | percent of GDP | Dec/23 |
| Government Debt to GDP | 77.1 | 71.8 | 77.1 | 20.6 | percent of GDP | Dec/22 |
| Government Budget | -7.4 | -6.1 | 0.58 | -8.6 | percent of GDP | Dec/22 |
| Business Confidence | 50.8 | 49.1 | 59.2 | 35.7 | points | Mar/24 |
| Manufacturing PMI | 51.1 | 50.9 | 54.9 | 40.3 | points | Mar/24 |
| Non Manufacturing PMI | 53 | 51.4 | 62.2 | 29.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Services PMI | 52.7 | 52.5 | 58.4 | 26.5 | points | Mar/24 |
| Consumer Confidence | 89.1 | 88.9 | 127 | 85.5 | points | Feb/24 |
| Retail Sales MoM | 0.03 | 0.17 | 4.98 | -10.77 | percent | Feb/24 |
| Corporate Tax Rate | 25 | 25 | 33 | 25 | percent | Dec/22 |
| Personal Income Tax Rate | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | percent | Dec/23 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP Growth Rate | 1.6 | 1 | 11.5 | -10.4 | percent | Mar/24 |
| GDP Annual Growth Rate | 5.3 | 5.2 | 18.7 | -6.9 | percent | Mar/24 |
| GDP | 17963 | 17820 | 17963 | 47.21 | USD Billion | Dec/22 |
| Gross National Product | 1251297 | 1197250 | 1251297 | 679 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Gross Fixed Capital Formation | 504835 | 478901 | 504835 | 80.7 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/22 |
| GDP per Capita | 11560 | 11223 | 11560 | 164 | USD | Dec/22 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | 18188 | 17658 | 18188 | 1424 | USD | Dec/22 |
| Full Year GDP Growth | 5.2 | 3 | 14.3 | 2.2 | percent | Dec/23 |
| GDP Constant Prices | 1191037 | 859053 | 1191037 | 53480 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| GDP from Agriculture | 89755 | 56330 | 89755 | 649 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| GDP from Construction | 85691 | 58706 | 85691 | 182 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| GDP from Manufacturing | 399103 | 291715 | 401644 | 2208 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| GDP from Services | 688238 | 507476 | 688238 | 2213 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| GDP from Transport | 57820 | 43124 | 57820 | 393 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment Rate | 5.2 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 3.9 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Employed Persons | 74041 | 73351 | 76349 | 20729 | Tens of Thousands | Dec/23 |
| Labour Costs | 65 | 68.3 | 97.4 | 57.1 | points | Mar/24 |
| Wages | 114029 | 106837 | 114029 | 445 | CNY/Year | Dec/22 |
| Minimum Wages | 2590 | 2590 | 2590 | 690 | CNY/Month | Jan/24 |
| Wages in Manufacturing | 97528 | 92459 | 97528 | 597 | CNY/Year | Dec/22 |
| Population | 1410 | 1412 | 1413 | 552 | Million | Dec/23 |
| Retirement Age Women | 55 | 55 | 55 | 50 | Years | Dec/23 |
| Retirement Age Men | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | Years | Dec/23 |
| Average Weekly Hours | 49 | 48 | 49 | 46.2 | Hours | Mar/24 |
| Youth Unemployment Rate | 15.3 | 15.3 | 21.3 | 13.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation Rate | 0.1 | 0.7 | 28.4 | -2.2 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Inflation Rate MoM | -1 | 1 | 2.6 | -1.8 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Consumer Price Index CPI | 103 | 104 | 104 | 100 | points | Mar/24 |
| Core Consumer Prices | 101 | 101 | 102 | 98.4 | points | Mar/24 |
| Core Inflation Rate | 0.6 | 1.2 | 2.5 | -1.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| GDP Deflator | 737 | 724 | 737 | 101 | points | Dec/22 |
| Producer Prices | 108 | 108 | 114 | 96.6 | points | Mar/24 |
| Producer Prices Change | -2.8 | -2.7 | 26 | -8.2 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Export Prices | 92.5 | 91.2 | 116 | 90.2 | points | Feb/24 |
| Import Prices | 103 | 98.6 | 123 | 79.6 | points | Feb/24 |
| Food Inflation | -2.7 | -0.9 | 40.2 | -5.9 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Core Inflation Rate MoM | -0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.7 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Producer Price Inflation MoM | -0.1 | -0.2 | 2.5 | -1.3 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Rent Inflation | 0 | 0 | 14 | -1.2 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate | 3.45 | 3.45 | 5.77 | 3.45 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Cash Reserve Ratio | 10 | 10 | 21.5 | 6 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Interbank Rate | 2.02 | 2.03 | 6.46 | 1.2 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Money Supply M0 | 11721 | 12101 | 12140 | 17.85 | CNY Billion | Mar/24 |
| Money Supply M1 | 68581 | 66592 | 69560 | 74.51 | CNY Billion | Mar/24 |
| Money Supply M2 | 304795 | 299557 | 304795 | 5840 | CNY Billion | Mar/24 |
| Banks Balance Sheet | 3090 | 1450 | 4920 | -32.1 | CNY Billion | Mar/24 |
| Central Bank Balance Sheet | 445694 | 456427 | 456944 | 34444 | CNY Hundred Million | Feb/24 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves | 3245657 | 3225817 | 3993213 | 2262 | USD Million | Mar/24 |
| Loans to Private Sector | 48700 | 15211 | 65364 | -974 | CNY Hundred Million | Mar/24 |
| Deposit Interest Rate | 0.35 | 0.35 | 3.15 | 0.35 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Loan Growth | 9.6 | 10.1 | 34.44 | 9.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| 1 Year MLF Rate | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 2.5 | percent | Apr/24 |
| 14-Day Reverse Repo Rate | 1.95 | 1.95 | 6.05 | 1.95 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Liquidity Injections Via MLF | 387 | 387 | 1450 | 0 | CNY Billion | Mar/24 |
| Loan Prime Rate 5Y | 3.95 | 3.95 | 4.85 | 3.95 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Fixed Asset Investment | 4.5 | 4.2 | 53 | -24.5 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Liquidity Injections Via Reverse Repo | 2 | 2 | 1200 | 2 | CNY Billion | Apr/24 |
| Loans To Banks | 2425307 | 2411513 | 2425307 | 413413 | CNY Hundred Million | Feb/24 |
| Reverse Repo Rate | 1.8 | 1.8 | 4.4 | 1.8 | percent | Apr/24 |
</table
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance of Trade | 58.55 | 125 | 125 | -61.99 | USD Billion | Mar/24 |
| Current Account | 562 | 608 | 1515 | -523 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Current Account to GDP | 1.5 | 2.2 | 10.1 | -3.7 | percent of GDP | Dec/23 |
| Exports | 280 | 220 | 340 | 1.25 | USD Billion | Mar/24 |
| Imports | 221 | 181 | 253 | 1.39 | USD Billion | Mar/24 |
| External Debt | 24475 | 24528 | 27466 | 158 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Terms of Trade | 89.89 | 92.49 | 120 | 81.75 | points | Feb/24 |
| Capital Flows | -466 | -568 | 760 | -1379 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Foreign Direct Investment | 425 | 300 | 1891 | 18.32 | USD Hundred Million | Mar/24 |
| Tourist Arrivals | 1378 | 0 | 4911 | 0 | Tens of Thousands | Dec/23 |
| Gold Reserves | 2265 | 2235 | 2265 | 395 | Tonnes | Mar/24 |
| Crude Oil Production | 4173 | 4150 | 4408 | 1012 | BBL/D/1K | Dec/23 |
| Auto Exports | 416210 | 340498 | 467459 | 37328 | Mar/24 | |
| Current Account Goods | 1511 | 1611 | 1960 | -24.81 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Current Account Services | -567 | -662 | 46.69 | -809 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Direct Investment Liabilities | 177 | -118 | 1052 | -118 | USD Hundred Million | Dec/23 |
| Electric Car Exports | 112502 | 135719 | 178794 | 1006 | Feb/24 | |
| Exports YoY | -7.5 | 5.6 | 155 | -40.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Foreign Direct Investment YoY | -26.1 | -19.9 | 110 | -32.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Freight Traffic | 7660 | 4727 | 7660 | 190 | Millions Ton | Feb/24 |
| Freight Traffic Civil Aviation | 1300 | 744 | 1300 | 6 | Thousands Ton | Feb/24 |
| Freight Traffic Highways | 5454 | 3434 | 6000 | 32 | Millions Ton | Feb/24 |
| Freight Traffic Railway | 806 | 436 | 806 | 91 | Millions Ton | Feb/24 |
| Freight Traffic Waterways | 1399 | 857 | 1399 | 12 | Millions Ton | Feb/24 |
| Imports YoY | -1.9 | -8.2 | 85.5 | -43.1 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Terrorism Index | 0.58 | 0 | 6.68 | 0 | Points | Dec/23 |
| Weapons Sales | 2017 | 1462 | 2605 | 3 | SIPRI TIV Million | Dec/22 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Government Debt to GDP | 77.1 | 71.8 | 77.1 | 20.6 | percent of GDP | Dec/22 |
| Government Budget | -7.4 | -6.1 | 0.58 | -8.6 | percent of GDP | Dec/22 |
| Government Budget Value | -354 | -292 | 5886 | -15554 | CNY Billion | Feb/24 |
| Government Spending | 193360 | 181673 | 193360 | 93.3 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/22 |
| Government Revenues | 44585 | 16653 | 46203 | 138 | CNY Hundred Million | Feb/24 |
| Fiscal Expenditure | 43624 | 36112 | 43624 | 139 | CNY Hundred Million | Feb/24 |
| Corruption Index | 42 | 45 | 45 | 21.6 | Points | Dec/23 |
| Corruption Rank | 76 | 65 | 100 | 40 | Dec/23 | |
| Credit Rating | 78 | Apr/24 | ||||
| Military Expenditure | 296439 | 291958 | 296439 | 9802 | USD Million | Dec/23 |
| Corporate Tax Rate | 25 | 25 | 33 | 25 | percent | Dec/22 |
| Personal Income Tax Rate | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | percent | Dec/23 |
| Sales Tax Rate | 13 | 13 | 17 | 13 | percent | Dec/23 |
| Social Security Rate | 39.02 | 39.02 | 62 | 39.02 | percent | Dec/22 |
| Social Security Rate For Companies | 28.52 | 28.52 | 44 | 28.52 | percent | Dec/22 |
| Social Security Rate For Employees | 10.5 | 10.5 | 18 | 10.2 | percent | Dec/22 |
| Withholding Tax Rate | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | percent | Dec/24 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business Confidence | 50.8 | 49.1 | 59.2 | 35.7 | points | Mar/24 |
| Manufacturing PMI | 51.1 | 50.9 | 54.9 | 40.3 | points | Mar/24 |
| Non Manufacturing PMI | 53 | 51.4 | 62.2 | 29.6 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Services PMI | 52.7 | 52.5 | 58.4 | 26.5 | points | Mar/24 |
| Industrial Production | 4.5 | 7 | 35.1 | -21.1 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Industrial Production Mom | 0.56 | 1.16 | 36.56 | -22.1 | percent | Feb/24 |
| Manufacturing Production | 5.1 | 7.7 | 39.5 | -15.7 | percent | Mar/24 |
| New Orders | 53 | 49 | 65.1 | 29.3 | points | Mar/24 |
| Changes in Inventories | 14959 | 10996 | 15873 | 3 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/22 |
| Car Production | 1273000 | 2083000 | 2713000 | 195000 | Units | Feb/24 |
| Car Registrations | 1333000 | 2115000 | 2792000 | 213534 | Units | Feb/24 |
| Total Vehicle Sales | 2690000 | 1584000 | 3156000 | 88416 | Units | Mar/24 |
| Leading Economic Index | 152 | 152 | 169 | 10.4 | points | Feb/24 |
| Business Conditions Index | 51.6 | 51.1 | 70.9 | 37.3 | points | Feb/24 |
| Composite Leading Indicator | 102 | 101 | 105 | 83.59 | points | Mar/24 |
| Electric Car Registrations | 294000 | 445000 | 825000 | 4978 | Units | Feb/24 |
| NBS General PMI | 52.7 | 50.9 | 57 | 28.9 | points | Mar/24 |
| Capacity Utilization | 73.6 | 75.9 | 78.4 | 67.3 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Cement Production | 15440 | 15793 | 24869 | 782 | Ten Thousands of Tonnes | Mar/24 |
| Composite PMI | 52.7 | 52.5 | 57.5 | 27.5 | points | Mar/24 |
| Corporate Profits | 914060 | 7685830 | 8709210 | 1617 | CNY Million | Feb/24 |
| Electricity Production | 747690 | 828980 | 846170 | 41760 | Gigawatt-hour | Mar/24 |
| Mining Production | 0.2 | 2.3 | 17.5 | -6.5 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Steel Production | 81200 | 77200 | 99500 | 4918 | Thousand Tonnes | Feb/24 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Confidence | 89.1 | 88.9 | 127 | 85.5 | points | Feb/24 |
| Retail Sales MoM | 0.03 | 0.17 | 4.98 | -10.77 | percent | Feb/24 |
| Retail Sales YoY | 3.1 | 5.5 | 37.4 | -20.5 | percent | Mar/24 |
| Consumer Spending | 450468 | 438015 | 450468 | 453 | CNY Hundred Million | Dec/22 |
| Disposable Personal Income | 51821 | 49283 | 51821 | 343 | CNY | Dec/23 |
| Bank Lending Rate | 4.35 | 4.35 | 10.98 | 4.35 | percent | Apr/24 |
| Consumer Credit | 559606 | 564800 | 564800 | 59106 | CNY Hundred Million | Feb/24 |
| Gasoline Prices | 0.92 | 0.92 | 1.37 | 0.27 | USD/Liter | Mar/24 |
| Households Debt to GDP | 62.4 | 62.2 | 62.4 | 10.8 | percent of GDP | Sep/23 |
| Indicator | Last | Previous | Highest | Lowest | Unit | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Housing Index | -2.20 | -1.40 | 12.60 | -6.10 | Percent | Mar/24 |
| House Price Index MoM | -0.30 | -0.30 | 2.10 | -1.10 | percent | Feb/24 |
| Housing Starts | 9429.00 | 95376.00 | 227154.00 | 82.16 | Tens of Thousands Square Metre | Feb/24 |
| Property Investment | -9.00 | -9.60 | 50.20 | -16.30 | percent | Feb/24 |
| New Home Sales | 9227.00 | 102990.00 | 162730.00 | 78.19 | CNY Hundred Million | Feb/24 |
| Residential Property Prices | -3.17 | -2.67 | 10.62 | -5.91 | Percent | Sep/23 |